Depending on your platform and compiler, the C++ runtime is usually split into several different files or concepts: 1. The C Runtime (CRT)

: Before your main() function even begins, the runtime initializes global variables, sets up the stack, and prepares the environment. When the program ends, it ensures that destructors for global objects are called.

The __cxa_guard_acquire function uses an atomic compare‑and‑swap and a mutex or futex to ensure only one thread constructs the object.

if (guard == 2) goto done; if (__cxa_guard_acquire(&guard)) new (instance_memory) Logger(); __cxa_guard_release(&guard); __cxa_atexit(destroyer, instance_memory, __dso_handle);

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