Jc Johari Comparative Politics ((free)) Jun 2026

| Aspect | The State (Traditional) | The Political System (Modern/Johari) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | | Legal and Constitutional | Sociological and Behavioral | | Nature | Static and Permanent | Dynamic and Changing | | Scope | Only governmental institutions | Includes NGOs, pressure groups, media, and informal groups | | Method | Normative/Prescriptive | Empirical/Scientific |

Johari explains that a political system must perform certain functions to survive. He categorizes these into and Output Functions : jc johari comparative politics

: Utilizing models like David Easton’s systems theory and Gabriel Almond’s structural-functionalism to understand political stability and change. | Aspect | The State (Traditional) | The